In 1997, IBM’s Deep Blue chess computer became the first machine to win a game against a reigning world chess champion, Garry Kasparov. The computer’s victory was seen as a landmark in the development of artificial intelligence.

Deep Blue was initially built in 1989 by IBM engineer Feng-hsiung Hsu and a team of programmers. The machine was designed to play chess at a grandmaster level. To do this, the computer used a brute force approach, analyzing every possible move and countermove to determine the best possible play.

In 1993, Deep Blue made history by becoming the first computer to defeat …